Getting Started with the MAX1233/MAX1234 Touch-Screen Controllers
Abstract: This application note shows how to exercise the features of the MAX1233/MAX1234 touch-screen controllers. A simplified console menu system is provided that allows direct, low-level access to the MAX1233/MAX1234 device registers. Each register read or write operation uses 32 SPI™ clock cycles. The software uses short, mnemonic names for each register. When used with the MAX1234 evaluation kit (EV Kit) board and the MINIQUSB+ command module, this software allows maximum low-level control. Full source code is provided in the accompanying zip file.
MAX1233 operation is identical to MAX1234 operation, except that the MAX1233 operates from a 3.3V supply voltage instead of 5.0V. Jumper JU1 on the MAX1234 EV Kit board emulates the MAX1233 by operating a MAX1234 at 3.3V.
Note: The suffix "-bar" (e.g. CS-bar) indicates the active-low functionality of the CS, PENIRQ, KEYIRQ, and BUSY pins.
Maxim MINIQUSB+ (includes USB A-B cable and MINIQUSB-X+ expander board)
Windows® 2000/XP PC with USB
Four-wire resistive touch screen (such as a replacement PDA digitizer/glasstop)
Optional: DMM for measuring the DAC output voltage
Optional: Voltage sources to drive the AUX and BAT inputs
Optional: Oscilloscope to observe autoscan interrupt pulses on the PENIRQ-bar and KEYIRQ-bar pins
1.2) MINIQUSB+ Firmware Update Note
The MAX1233/MAX1234 require the CS-bar pin to deassert high before the end of the first conversion; otherwise, the ADC will be unable to store conversion results. Prior to use with this application note, the standard MINIQUSB+ module firmware must be updated to allow the SPI interface's CS-bar pin to deassert within 1.4µs of the 32nd SCLK. At 2MHz, the 32-bit auto-CS-bar controlled mode holds CS-bar low for 21.70µs. The MINIQUSB+ firmware in the MAXQ2000 microcontroller's nonvolatile flash memory only needs to be updated once. This new firmware is backwards-compatible with the standard 01.05.39 baseline firmware.
In addition to improving the SPI interface's CS-bar timing, the firmware upgrade includes an interrupt-driven pulse accumulator to allow verifying that PENIRQ-bar and KEYIRQ-bar have issued their self-clearing interrupt pulses when the MAX1233/MAX1234 are configured for autoscan modes. The duration of PENIRQ-bar depends on the configured ADC conversion rate, and the duration of KEYIRQ-bar depends on the configured switch debounce time.
Connect wires from MAX1234 EV Kit connector J1 to MINIQUSB-X+ expander board (included with MINIQUSB+), in accordance with Table 1. As an alternative to soldering wires to the MAX1234 EV Kit, a 3M® intra-connector 922576-40 can be plugged into J1, providing convenient connection points. Leave terminal block TB1 unconnected.
Table 1. Connection Between the MAX1234 EV Kit and MINIQUSB+ Board Set
MAX1234 Signal
MAX1234 EV Kit
MINIQUSB-X+
MINIQUSB Signal
GND
J1-1
H2-8
GND
VCC
J1-7
H2-1
3.3V supply from MINIQUSB+
BUSY-Bar
J1-27
H2-7
GPIO-K7 (MAXQ2000-INT2)
PENIRQ-Bar
J1-29
H1-3
GPIO-K6 (MAXQ2000-INT1)
KEYIRQ-Bar
J1-31
H1-8
GPIO-K5 (MAXQ2000-INT0)
DOUT
J1-35*
H2-2
MISO (SPI master in, slave out)
DIN
J1-36*
H2-5
MOSI (SPI master out, slave in)
SCLK
J1-37*
H2-3
SCLK (SPI clock)
CS-Bar
J1-38
H2-4
CS-bar (SPI chip select)
USB+5V
J1-5
J4-7
USB+5V supply from PC
* Note: Digital inputs to the MAX1234 EV Kit must be driven through connector J1, they cannot be driven directly to the test points surrounding U1. The on-board MAX1841 level translators must be used to drive the MAX1234 EV Kit digital signals.
Plug the MINIQUSB+ on top of its expander board.
Connect the MINIQUSB+ to the PC's USB port. If this is the first time a MINIQUSB+ has been attached to the PC, the plug-and-play wizard will appear. Guide Windows to the installed location of the device driver (which is included in the accompanying zip file).
Update the MINIQUSB+ firmware by launching the firmware updater batch file FWUPDATE.BAT.
After the firmware update is complete, disconnect the MINIQUSB+ from the PC's USB port.
Figure 1. Hardware configuration. (The touch screen will be connected in a later section.)
Figure 2. System photo showing the MINIQUSB+ wired to the MAX1234 EV Kit using a 3M intra-connector.
1.4) Procedure
Set MAX1234 EV Kit jumper JU1 to the "MAX1234" position.
Connect the MINIQUSB+ to the PC's USB port. Verify that the DACOUT voltage = mid-scale (2.2V).
Start the DEMO1234.EXE program. A console will appear on the screen.
Enter the following series of commands at the console.
Table 2. Connect and Verify Command Sequence
DEMO1234 Command*
Expected Program Output
SPI data in
Verification**
C
Board connected.
Got board banner: Maxim MINIQUSB V01.05.41 >
Firmware version is OK.
(configured for SPI auto-CS 4-byte mode) (SCLK=2MHz) ...
T W DD FF
Write_Register(regAddr=0x000b wr_DAC_data ,
data=0x00ff
{(no bits defined for this register)}) result = 1
0x000b 0x00ff
DACOUT = full-scale (4.5V)
T R DD
Read_Register(regAddr=0x800b wr_DAC_data ) result = 1,
buffer = 0x00ff = 255
{(no bits defined for this register)}
0x800b 0x0000
Data buffer = 0x00ff
T W DD 80
Write_Register(regAddr=0x000b wr_DAC_data ,
data=0x0080
{(no bits defined for this register)}) result = 1
0x000b 0x0080
DACOUT = mid-scale (2.2V)
T R DD
Read_Register(regAddr=0x800b wr_DAC_data ) result = 1,
buffer = 0x0080 = 128
{(no bits defined for this register)}
0x800b 0x0000
data buffer = 0x0080
* DEMO1234 Command column lists the command to type into the DEMO1234.exe program.
** Verification column lists any physical tests that can be performed to verify that the command was performed.
1.5) Explanation of SPI data in Example Format
The SPI data in column lists the SPI data driven into the MAX1233/MAX1234 DIN pin, in hexadecimal, most-significant-byte first. For example, the SPI data in the sequence 0x000b 0x00ff means the 32-bit sequence clocked into DIN is 0000 0000 0000 1011 0000 0000 1111 1111. The first bit is 0 for register write operations and 1 for register read operations.
Register write operations are 32-bit SPI transfers of the form 0000 0000 a7-a0 d15-d0.
Register read operations are 32-bit SPI transfers of the form 1000 0000 a7-a0 0000 0000, with received data clocked in from DOUT during the final 16 bits.
2) Analog I/O Examples
The following examples show how to use the DEMO1234.EXE program to control the DAC output, configure the reference voltage, measure the AUX1/AUX2/BAT1/BAT2 voltage inputs, and measure the internal MAX1234 temperature.
2.1) Controlling DAC Output Voltage
The DAC is controlled by two registers. Write the DAC Data register to set the output voltage. Write the DAC Control register to shut down or power the DAC. The default power-on state is that the DAC is powered and the DAC output is mid-scale. DAC full-scale voltage is typically 90% of AVDD (85% min, 95% max).
For AVDD = 3.3V ±5%, the DACOUT full-scale range is between 2.65V and 3.27V, typically 2.96V.
For AVDD = 5.0V ±5%, the DACOUT full-scale range is between 4.02V and 4.97V, typically 4.48V.
Table 3. DAC Output Commands
DEMO1234 Command
Action
SPI data in
MAX1233 (3.3V)
MAX1234 (5.0V)
T W DD FF
DACOUT = full-scale
0x000b 0x00ff
DACOUT = 2.96V
DACOUT = 4.48V
T W DD 00
DACOUT = 0V
0x000b 0x0000
DACOUT = 0.0V
DACOUT = 0.0V
T W DD 80
DACOUT = mid-scale
0x000b 0x0080
DACOUT = 1.485V
DACOUT = 2.25V
T W DC 8000
Disable DAC
0x0042 0x8000
DACOUT = 0.0V
DACOUT = 0.0V
T W DC 0
Enable DAC
0x0042 0x0000
DACOUT = 1.485V
DACOUT = 2.25V
2.2) Selecting ADC Reference Power Mode
The ADC requires a reference voltage. For typical embedded-systems operation, the default setting is fine. In auto-power-up mode (ADC3210 = 0000, RES10 = 00), the MAX1233/MAX1234 provides its own internal reference voltage. This internal reference automatically powers up prior to each measurement and then powers down after measurement is complete.
For initial diagnostics, the always-powered-up mode (ADC3210 = 0000, RES10 = 01) allows external verification of the reference voltage using a handheld DVM.
The ADC reference power mode is set by writing into the ADC control register (0x40) with the ADC Scan Select bits set to 0000. The RES1/RES0 bits select the reference power mode, and the reference control bit RFV selects either the internal 1.0V or 2.5V reference (refer to Table 13 in the MAX1233/MAX1234 data sheet).
ADC control word: x x 0 0 0 0 RES1 RES0 x x x x x x x RFV
Table 4. Internal Reference Commands
DEMO1234 Command
Action
SPI data in
Verification
T W AC 0100
Internal 1V reference always powered; write ADC control word with
ADC3210 = 0000,
RES10 = 01,
RFV = 0
0x0040 0x0100
Voltage at pin 12 REF is between 0.98V and 1.02V
T W AC 0101
Internal 2.5V reference always powered; write ADC control word with
ADC3210 = 0000,
RES10 = 01,
RFV = 1
0x0040 0x0101
Voltage at pin 12 REF is between 2.47V and 2.53V
T W AC 0001
Internal 2.5V reference powered when needed; write ADC control word with
ADC3210 = 0000,
RES10 = 00,
RFV = 1
0x0040 0x0001
Voltage at pin 12 REF will be powered only briefly as necessary
Table 5. External Reference Command
DEMO1234 Command
Action
SPI data in
T W AC 0300
External reference must be provided;
ADC_control_wr_demand_scan:(write)demand scan
ADC_control_AD0000:configure reference
ADC_control_RES11:external reference
0x0040 0x0300
2.3) Measuring External Voltage Inputs AUX1, AUX2
Table 6. ADC Measurement Command Sequences
DEMO1234 Command
Action (Triggered by A/D3210 Bits)
SPI data in
T M8
Measure AUX1 with 12-bit resolution and 3.5µs conversion rate
0x0040 0x2301
0x8007 0x0000
T W AC 2301
Trigger ADC scan of AUX1;
ADC control word 0x2301 means:
ADC_control_wr_demand_scan
ADC_control_AD1000 /* measure AUX1 */
ADC_control_RES11 /* 12-bit resolution */
ADC_control_AVG00 /* no averaging */
ADC_control_CNR00 /* conversion rate 3.5µs */
ADC_control_RFV /* RFV=1: VREF=2.5V */
0x0040 0x2301
T R A1
Read AUX1 result AUX1_code
0x8007 0x0000
T M9
Measure AUX2 with 12-bit resolution and 3.5µs conversion rate
0x0040 0x2701
0x8008 0x0000
2.4) Translating AUX1 and AUX2 Conversion Results to a Physical Value
The following snippet of C/C++ pseudocode summarizes how the AUX1 and AUX2 conversion results are interpreted by the DEMO1234 program.
/* ADC control resolution value selects num_codes 4096 (12-bit), 1024 (10-bit), or 256 (8-bit) */
int num_codes = 4096; /* ADC_control_RES11: 12-bit resolution */
/* Voltage that corresponds to the full-scale ADC code; may be internal 1V or 2.5V ref, or ext ref. */
double ADC_fullscale_voltage = 2.5; /* ADC_control_RFV=1: VREF=2.5V. RFV=0: VREF=1.0V. */
/* AUX1_code is the 16-bit result read by SPI command 0x8007 */
double AUX1_Voltage = (AUX1_code * ADC_fullscale_voltage) / num_codes;
/* AUX2_code is the 16-bit result read by SPI command 0x8008 */
double AUX2_Voltage = (AUX2_code * ADC_fullscale_voltage) / num_codes;
2.5) Measuring External Voltage Inputs BAT1, BAT2
Table 7. ADC Measurement Command Sequences
DEMO1234 Command
Action (Triggered by A/D3210 Bits)
SPI data in
T M6
Measure BAT1 with 12-bit resolution and 3.5µs conversion rate
0x0040 0x1b01
0x8005 0x0000
T W AC 1b01
Trigger ADC scan of BAT1;
ADC control word 0x1b01 means:
ADC_control_wr_demand_scan
ADC_control_AD0110 /* measure BAT1 */
ADC_control_RES11 /* 12-bit resolution */
ADC_control_AVG00 /* no averaging */
ADC_control_CNR00 /* conversion rate 3.5µs */
ADC_control_RFV /* RFV=1: VREF=2.5V */
0x0040 0x1b01
T R B1
Read BAT1 result BAT1_code
0x8005 0x0000
T W AC 1b21
Trigger ADC scan of BAT1;
ADC control word 0x1b21 means:
ADC_control_wr_demand_scan
ADC_control_AD0110 /* measure BAT1 */
ADC_control_RES11 /* 12-bit resolution */
ADC_control_AVG00 /* no averaging */
ADC_control_CNR10 /* conversion rate 10µs */
ADC_control_RFV /* RFV=1: VREF=2.5V */
0x0040 0x1b21
T R B1
Read BAT1 result BAT1_code
0x8005 0x0000
T M7
Measure BAT2 with 12-bit resolution and 3.5µs conversion rate
0x0040 0x1f01
0x8006 0x0000
2.6) Translating BAT1 and BAT2 Conversion Results to a Physical Value
The following snippet of C/C++ pseudocode summarizes how the BAT1 and BAT2 conversion results are interpreted by the DEMO1234 program. Note: BAT1 and BAT2 measure through a 4:1 input divider.
/* ADC control resolution value selects num_codes 4096 (12-bit), 1024 (10-bit), or 256 (8-bit) */
int num_codes = 4096; /* ADC_control_RES11: 12-bit resolution */
/* Voltage that corresponds to the full-scale ADC code; may be internal 1V or 2.5V ref, or ext ref. */
double ADC_fullscale_voltage = 2.5; /* ADC_control_RFV=1: VREF=2.5V. RFV=0: VREF=1.0V. */
/* Note: BAT1 and BAT2 measure through a 4:1 input divider. */
/* BAT1_code is the 16-bit result read by SPI command 0x8005 */
double BAT1_Voltage = 4 * (BAT1_code * ADC_fullscale_voltage) / num_codes;
/* BAT2_code is the 16-bit result read by SPI command 0x8006 */
double BAT2_Voltage = 4 * (BAT2_code * ADC_fullscale_voltage) / num_codes;
2.7) Measuring Internal Temperature TEMP1, TEMP2
Table 8. ADC Measurement Command Sequences
DEMO1234 Command
Action (Triggered by A/D3210 Bits)
SPI data in
T MA
Measure TEMP1 with 12-bit resolution and 3.5µs conversion rate
0x0040 0x2b01
0x8009 0x0000
T W AC 2b01
Trigger ADC scan of TEMP1;
ADC control word 0x2b01 means:
ADC_control_wr_demand_scan
ADC_control_ AD1010 /* measure TEMP1 */
ADC_control_RES11 /* 12-bit resolution */
ADC_control_AVG00 /* no averaging */
ADC_control_CNR00 /* conversion rate 3.5µs */
ADC_control_RFV /* RFV=1: VREF=2.5V */
0x0040 0x2b01
T R T1
Read TEMP1 result TEMP1 _code
0x8009 0x0000
T MC
Measure TEMP1, TEMP2 with 12-bit resolution and 3.5µs conversion rate
0x0040 0x3301
0x8009 0x0000
0x800a 0x0000
T W AC 3301
Trigger ADC scan of TEMP1 and TEMP2;
ADC control word 0x3301 means:
ADC_control_wr_demand_scan
ADC_control_ AD1100 /* measure TEMP1,TEMP2 */
ADC_control_RES11 /* 12-bit resolution */
ADC_control_AVG00 /* no averaging */
ADC_control_CNR00 /* conversion rate 3.5µs */
ADC_control_RFV /* RFV=1: VREF=2.5V */
0x0040 0x3301
T R T1
Read TEMP1 result TEMP1 _code
0x8009 0x0000
T R T2
Read TEMP2 result TEMP2 _code
0x800a 0x0000
2.8) Translating TEMP1 Conversion Results to a Physical Value
The following snippet of C/C++ pseudocode summarizes how the TEMP1 conversion results are interpreted by the DEMO1234 program.
/* ADC control resolution value selects num_codes 4096 (12-bit), 1024 (10-bit), or 256 (8-bit) */
int num_codes = 4096; /* ADC_control_RES11: 12-bit resolution */
/* Voltage that corresponds to the full-scale ADC code; may be internal 1V or 2.5V ref, or ext ref. */
double ADC_fullscale_voltage = 2.5; /* ADC_control_RFV=1: VREF=2.5V. RFV=0: VREF=1.0V. */
/* TEMP1_code is the 16-bit result read by SPI command 0x8009 */
double TEMP1_Voltage = (TEMP1_code * ADC_fullscale_voltage) / num_codes;
/* Calibration values */
const double Temp1V_Room = 0.590; // temp1 voltage at room temperature 25C
const double Temp1K_Room = 298.15; // Room temperature Kelvins (298.15K=25C)
const double Temp1V_Per_K = -0.002; // TempCo -2mV per degree C
/* Convert to absolute temperature */
double Kelvin = (TEMP1_Voltage - Temp1V_Room) / Temp1V_Per_K + Temp1K_Room;
/* Optional conversion to commonly used temperature units */
double Centigrade = Kelvin - 273.15;
double Fahrenheit = (Centigrade * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32;
2.9) Translating TEMP1 and TEMP2 Conversion Results to a Physical Value
The following snippet of C/C++ pseudocode summarizes how the TEMP1 and TEMP2 conversion results are interpreted by the DEMO1234 program. TEMP2 is only meaningful when compared to TEMP1.
/* ADC control resolution value selects num_codes 4096 (12-bit), 1024 (10-bit), or 256 (8-bit) */
int num_codes = 4096; /* ADC_control_RES11: 12-bit resolution */
/* Voltage that corresponds to the full-scale ADC code; may be internal 1V or 2.5V ref, or ext ref. */
double ADC_fullscale_voltage = 2.5; /* ADC_control_RFV=1: VREF=2.5V. RFV=0: VREF=1.0V. */
/* TEMP1_code is the 16-bit result read by SPI command 0x8009 */
double TEMP1_Voltage = (TEMP1_code * ADC_fullscale_voltage) / num_codes;
/* TEMP2_code is the 16-bit result read by SPI command 0x800a */
double TEMP2_Voltage = (TEMP2_code * ADC_fullscale_voltage) / num_codes;
/* Calibration values */
const double K_Per_Temp21_Delta_V = 2680.0; // nominal 2680 5/27/2002
/* Convert to absolute temperature */
double Kelvin = (TEMP2_Voltage - TEMP1_Voltage) * K_Per_Temp21_Delta_V;
/* Optional conversion to commonly used temperature units */
double Centigrade = Kelvin - 273.15;
double Fahrenheit = (Centigrade * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32;
2.10) Measuring External Voltage Inputs AUX1, AUX2, BAT1, BAT2, and Temperature
Table 9. ADC Measurement Command Sequences
DEMO1234 Command
Action (Triggered by A/D3210 Bits)
SPI data in
T MB
Measure BAT1/4, BAT2/4, AUX1, AUX2, TEMP1, TEMP2 with 12-bit resolution and 3.5µs conversion rate
0x0040 0x2f01
0x8005 0x0000
0x8006 0x0000
0x8007 0x0000
0x8008 0x0000
0x8009 0x0000
0x800a 0x0000
T W AC 2f01
Trigger ADC scan of BAT1-2, AUX1-2, TEMP1-2;
ADC control word 0x2f01 means:
ADC_control_wr_demand_scan
ADC_control_ AD1011 /* measure AUX1 etc. */
ADC_control_RES11 /* 12-bit resolution */
ADC_control_AVG00 /* no averaging */
ADC_control_CNR00 /* conversion rate 3.5µs */
ADC_control_RFV /* RFV=1: VREF=2.5V */
0x0040 0x2f01
T R B1
Read BAT1 result BAT1 _code
0x8005 0x0000
T R B2
Read BAT2 result BAT2_code
0x8006 0x0000
T R A1
Read AUX1 result AUX1 _code
0x8007 0x0000
T R A2
Read AUX2 result AUX2 _code
0x8008 0x0000
T R T1
Read TEMP1 result TEMP1 _code
0x8009 0x0000
T R T2
Read TEMP2 result TEMP2 _code
0x800a 0x0000
3) Touch-Screen Examples
The following examples show how to use the DEMO1234.EXE program to acquire touch-screen data.
3.1) Obtaining a Low-Cost, Off-the-Shelf Touch Screen
Run an internet search for the term "PDA Digitizer/Glasstop" for suitable replacement touch screens. Prices range from $50 to $10 for the clear touch-sensitive glass, depending on the model and whether the glass is affixed to a complete display.
3.2) Connecting the Touch Screen to the EV Kit
The MAX1234 EV Kit provides breakout headers H5/H6 to connect to flex cable 10mm or less in width. The H6 connector's pitch is 0.5mm, which may be finer than the actual touch-screen flex cable pitch. Simply fit the flex cable into H6, secure the latch, and choose pins on H5 that are approximately centered on each of the four flex cable traces. Jumper wires from H5 to the labeled U1 test points for X+, Y+, X-, and Y-.
3.3) Verifying Touch-Screen Connections
When connecting a touch screen for the first time, use the following procedure to verify that the X and Y connections are correct. Several permutations of touch-screen connections are possible—most will not work right. In these examples we assume X- = left, X+ = right, Y- = top, Y+ = bottom.
Swap the X+ and X- connections, and swap the Y+ and Y- connections
Touch coordinates are mirrored diagonally
Swap the X+ and Y+ connections, and swap the X- and Y- connections
Touch coordinates do not seem to track, and the distortion is not a simple flip/rotate/mirror transformation
Swap the X+ and Y+ connections; if distortion persists, swap the X+ and Y- connections; if distortion still persists, disconnect touch screen and use DVM to verify X+ to X- resistance and Y+ to Y- resistance; verify with no touch X+ and X- are isolated from Y+ and Y-
3.4) Detecting Touch: Demand Scan
To configure the MAX1234 to detect touch and digitize touch location on demand, write register 0x40 (ADC Control) with PENSTS=0 and ADSTS=0 (refer to Table 6 in the MAX1233/MAX1234 data sheet). After reading register 0x00 (X coordinate), the PENIRQ-bar signal latches low when subsequent touch is detected, and remains low until ADC Control is written to measure the X,Y coordinate.
To configure the MAX1234 to digitize touch location automatically when screen touch is detected, write register 0x40 (ADC Control) with PENSTS=1 and ADSTS=0 (refer to Table 6 in the MAX1233/MAX1234 data sheet). The PENIRQ-bar signal briefly pulses low when the screen is first touched, and does not pulse again until after the X register is read.
Read the number of times PENIRQ-bar has pulsed low
count = 0
T W AC 8bff
Wait for touch, then scan X,Y,Z1,Z2
0x0040 0x8bff
Touch the touch screen
PENIRQ pulse
I R 1
Read the number of times PENIRQ-bar has pulsed low
count has increased
T R P
Read X,Y,Z1,Z2 conversion results
0x8000 0x0000
0x8001 0x0000
0x8002 0x0000
0x8003 0x0000
Touch the touch screen
PENIRQ pulse
I R 1
Read the number of times PENIRQ-bar has pulsed low
count has increased
T R P
Read X,Y,Z1,Z2 conversion results
0x8000 0x0000
0x8001 0x0000
0x8002 0x0000
0x8003 0x0000
Touch the touch screen
PENIRQ pulse
I R 1
Read the number of times PENIRQ-bar has pulsed low
count has increased
T R P
Read X,Y,Z1,Z2 conversion results
0x8000 0x0000
0x8001 0x0000
0x8002 0x0000
0x8003 0x0000
4) Keypad and General-Purpose Input/Output Pins
The following examples show how to use the DEMO1234.EXE program to scan a keypad, and how to use the key-scanning pins for GPIO.
4.1) Configuring Keypad and GPIO pins
The GPIO Control register configures each of the C1–C4 and R1–R4 pins as either an input, an output, or as part of the keypad (refer to Tables 26 and 27 in the MAX1233/MAX1234 data sheet). Additionally, output pins can be configured as open-drain outputs by writing the GPIO Pullup Disable register.
Read the number of times KEYIRQ-bar has pulsed low
count = 0
T W GC 0000
Keypad: (C4,C3,C2,C1) x (R4,R3,R2,R1); GPIO outputs: none; GPIO inputs: none
0x004f 0x0000
T W KC bf00
Wait for keypress; maximum debounce and hold times
0x0041 0xbf00
Press and release R1C1 (key "1")
KEYIRQ pulse
I R 0
Read the number of times KEYIRQ-bar has pulsed low
count has increased
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
0x0001 = R1C1 key
Press and release R2C2 (key "5")
KEYIRQ pulse
I R 0
Read the number of times KEYIRQ-bar has pulsed low
count has increased
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
0x0020 = R2C2 key
Press and release R3C2 (key "8")
KEYIRQ pulse
I R 0
Read the number of times KEYIRQ-bar has pulsed low
count has increased
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
0x0040 = R3C2 key
4.4) Masking Individual Keys off the Keypad
Mask off individual keys using the Key Mask register and the Keypad 2 result register. Masked keys are scanned into the KPD register, but are not reported in the Keypad 2 result register.
Table 17. Keypress Command Sequence: Mask off Individual Keys
DEMO1234 Command
Action
SPI data in
Verification
T W GC 0000
Keypad: (C4,C3,C2,C1) x (R4,R3,R2,R1); GPIO outputs: none; GPIO inputs: none
0x004f 0x0000
T W KC bf00
Wait for keypress; maximum debounce and hold times
0x0041 0xbf00
T W KM 0020
Mask only R2C2 key
0x0050 0x0020
Press and release R1C1 (key "1")
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
0x0001 = R1C1 key
T R K2
Read masked keypad result
0x8011 0x0000
0x0001 = R1C1 key
Press and release R2C2 (key "5")
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
0x0020 = R2C2 key
T R K2
Read masked keypad result
0x8011 0x0000
0x0000 = no key
Press and release R3C2 (key "8")
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
0x0040 = R3C2 key
T R K2
Read masked keypad result
0x8011 0x0000
0x0040 = R3C2 key
4.5) Masking a Column off the Keypad
Mask off entire columns using the Key Column register. A masked column does not get scanned, so the KPD register never detects keys in that column.
Table 18. Keypress Command Sequence: Mask off an Entire Column of Keys
DEMO1234 Command
Action
SPI data in
Verification
T W GC 0000
Keypad: (C4,C3,C2,C1) x (R4,R3,R2,R1); GPIO outputs: none; GPIO inputs: none
0x004f 0x0000
T W KC bf00
Wait for keypress; maximum debounce and hold times
0x0041 0xbf00
T W KK 2000
Mask entire C2 column
0x0051 0x2000
Press and release R1C1 (key "1")
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
0x0001 = R1C1 key
Press and release R2C2 (key "5")
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
(previous value)
Press and release R3C2 (key "8")
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
(previous value)
Press and release R2C3 (key "6")
T R KB
Read raw keypad result
0x8004 0x0000
0x0200 = R2C3 key
5) Managing Power Consumption
Table 19. Power-Off Commands
DEMO1234 Command
Action
SPI data in
Verification
T W AC C000
Power off ADC
0x0040 0xc000
—
T W AC 0300
Power off internal reference
0x0040 0x0300
REF = not driven
T W DC 8000
Disable DAC
0x0042 0x8000
DACOUT = 0.0V
T W KC C000
Power off keypad
0x0041 0xc000
—
6) Menu System
The complete source code implements the following console menu system which connects to the MINIQUSB+ module.
CmodComm test program main menu—prior to connect
A) adjust timing parameters
L) CmodLog... functions
C) connect
D) Debug Messages
X) exit
Response to C (Connect) Command
C
Hardware supports optimized native SMBus commands.
Board connected.
Got board banner: Maxim MINIQUSB V01.05.41 >
Firmware version is OK.
(configured for SPI auto-CS 4-byte mode) (SCLK=2MHz) ...
Main menu—valid after connect
T) Test the device
8) CmodP8Bus... functions
A) adjust timing parameters
L) CmodLog... functions
P) CmodPin... functions
S) CmodSpi... functions
M) CmodSMBus... functions
$) CmodCommStringWrite list of hex codes
R) CmodBoardReset
D) Disconnect
Test menu commands— valid after connect
R) Read register
W) Write register
M0) measure no measurement; configure reference
M1) measure X,Y
M2) measure X,Y,Z1,Z2
M3) measure X
M4) measure Y
M5) measure Z1,Z2
M6) measure BAT1/4
M7) measure BAT2/4
M8) measure AUX1
M9) measure AUX2
MA) measure TEMP1
MB) measure BAT1/4,BAT2/4,AUX1,AUX2,TEMP1,TEMP2
MC) measure TEMP1,TEMP2
MD) no measurement; drive Y+,Y-
ME) no measurement; drive X+,X-
MF) no measurement; drive Y+,X-
.) Exit this menu
Query which of the C3 commands are supported; the return value is a 2-byte bitmap of commands C300 to C30F, msb first
—
—
C3 00
I Q 0
Query configuration of pulse accumulator
INT0
GPIO-K5
C3 01 00
I Q 1
Query configuration of pulse accumulator
INT1
GPIO-K6
C3 01 01
I Q 2
Query configuration of pulse accumulator
INT2
GPIO-K7
C3 01 02
I Q 3
Query configuration of pulse accumulator
INT3
GPIO-K8
C3 01 03
I C 0 0
Configure pulse accumulator: disable interrupt
INT0
GPIO-K5
C3 02 00 00
I C 1 0
Configure pulse accumulator: disable interrupt
INT1
GPIO-K6
C3 02 01 00
I C 2 0
Configure pulse accumulator: disable interrupt
INT2
GPIO-K7
C3 02 02 00
I C 3 0
Configure pulse accumulator: disable interrupt
INT3
GPIO-K8
C3 02 03 00
I C 0 1
Configure pulse accumulator: rising-edge trigger
INT0
GPIO-K5
C3 02 00 01
I C 1 1
Configure pulse accumulator: rising-edge trigger
INT1
GPIO-K6
C3 02 01 01
I C 2 1
Configure pulse accumulator: rising-edge trigger
INT2
GPIO-K7
C3 02 02 01
I C 3 1
Configure pulse accumulator: rising-edge trigger
INT3
GPIO-K8
C3 02 03 01
I C 0 3
Configure pulse accumulator: falling-edge trigger
INT0
GPIO-K5
C3 02 00 03
I C 1 3
Configure pulse accumulator: falling-edge trigger
INT1
GPIO-K6
C3 02 01 03
I C 2 3
Configure pulse accumulator: falling-edge trigger
INT2
GPIO-K7
C3 02 02 03
I C 3 3
Configure pulse accumulator: falling-edge trigger
INT3
GPIO-K8
C3 02 03 03
I R 0
Read pulse accumulator
INT0
GPIO-K5
C3 03 00
I R 1
Read pulse accumulator
INT1
GPIO-K6
C3 03 01
I R 2
Read pulse accumulator
INT2
GPIO-K7
C3 03 02
I R 3
Read pulse accumulator
INT3
GPIO-K8
C3 03 03
I 0 0
Clear pulse accumulator
INT0
GPIO-K5
C3 04 00
I 0 1
Clear pulse accumulator
INT1
GPIO-K6
C3 04 01
I 0 2
Clear pulse accumulator
INT2
GPIO-K7
C3 04 02
I 0 3
Clear pulse accumulator
INT3
GPIO-K8
C3 04 03
I S 0 xx
Set pulse accumulator count xx = 0 to 255
INT0
GPIO-K5
C3 05 00 xx
I S 1 xx
Set pulse accumulator count xx = 0 to 255
INT1
GPIO-K6
C3 05 01 xx
I S 2 xx
Set pulse accumulator count xx = 0 to 255
INT2
GPIO-K7
C3 05 02 xx
I S 3 xx
Set pulse accumulator count xx = 0 to 255
INT3
GPIO-K8
C3 05 03 xx
7) Conclusion
These examples have briefly shown how to use each of the major functional blocks of the MAX1233/MAX1234 to measure and control hardware, using a simplified console-based C++ program. Consult the MAX1233/MAX1234 data sheet for in-depth details.
3M is a registered trademark of the 3M Company.
SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
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